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1/15 l9911 november 2005 this is preliminary information on a new product now in development or undergoing evaluation. details are subject to change wit hout notice. 1features fully monolithic design high side field driver thermal protection field short circuit protection protected diagnostic lamp driver protected high side relay driver complex diagnostics load response control dfm output (field monitor) 2 description the l9911 is a monolithic multifunction alternator voltage regulator intended for use in automotive application. it includes the control section, the field power stage, fault diagnostic circuit which drives a warning lamp, and the protection against short cir- cuits. 3 circuit operation the alternator's voltage regulator performs the fol- lowing main functions: 1) voltage regulation 2) protection 3) control fault diagnosis 4) load response control 3.1 voltage regulation the alternator voltage is compared with a refer- ence voltage in an amplifier, whose output deter- mines the switching frequency of output power mos whose current excites the coil of the alterna- tor; as the regulator is in fixed-frequency topology, the field switching frequency does not depend on the alternator characteristics. the regulators have an integrated filter in the voltage sensing path guaranteeing the correct behaviour of the devices also when the rectifier diodes feature very high switching spikes. the internal filtering allows the usage of the device also with very long cables con- necting the alternator to the battery with an imped- ance so high to cause a superimposed ripple on the alternator voltage higher than 5-6v. conse- quently it doesn't need, in the standard applica- tion, any external component. anyway an external capacitor (2.2 f) must be inserted between a+ and ground when using the device with very long cables. 3.2 protection it is present a protection against short circuits of the lamp and the relay power drivers (l) and of the field power driver (f+), a thermal drivers shutdown protection and an overvoltage protection of l pow- er drivers. 3.3 diagnosis the circuit detects fault conditions related to the phase and f+ status and receives informations from one of the three alternator phases. in order to prevent spurious indications, fault warnings are not displayed immediately but are dalayed by a fixed time. 3.4 load response control the internal circuit regulates the soft start charac- teristics (activated always at engine start) and the soft attack characteristics. preliminary data car alternator multifunction smart voltage regulator rev. 4 fi gure 1. p ac k age table 1. order codes part number package features L9911A multiwatt8 see ta b l e 9 l9911b multiwatt8 see ta b l e 9 l9911c multiwatt8 see ta b l e 9 multiwatt8
l9911 2/15 figure 2. pin connection (top view) table 2. pin descriptions table 3. absolute maximum ratings (t j = -40 to 150c, unless otherwise specified) table 4. thermal data n pin function 1 p phase sense input. 2 dfm field monitor output. 3 res. reserved. 4 l lamp terminal low side driver; relay terminal high side driver. 5 gnd-case ground. 6 res. reserved. 7 f + high side driver output. 8 b + sensed power supply. symbol parameter value unit v s dc supply voltage (2 min. @ 25c) 24 v transient supply voltage (load dump) [see application circuit] t<500ms 40 v transient supply voltage (low energy spikes) [see application circuit] iso7637-1 pulse 1,2,3 /iso7637-3 60 v t j junction temperature range -40 to 150 c t stg , t case storage and case temperature range -40 to 150 c p tot total power dissipation (@ t case 150c, i field 5a) 4 w reverse battery voltage (see application diagram) @ 25c, t = 15 sec -2.5 v normal working condition reverse voltage (p vs. ground) -1.5 v dc pin current on f+, b+, gnd (bonding limitation) 15 a esd voltage milstd883c (all pins vs.gnd) 4 kv symbol parameter value unit r th j-case thermal resistance junction to case 1.5 c/w 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 p f + gnd-case l dfm res. res. b +
3/15 l9911 table 5. electrical characteristcs (t j = -40c to 150c; unless otherwise specified) symbol parameter test condition min. typ. max. unit vbat operating supply voltage 7 18 v ib-sinked supply battery current 25 ma ib-stby stand-by current b+ = 12.5v, f+ = 0v 500 a vreg 1 regulated voltage & thermal drift. 3 configurations available, selectable by mask option (see table.8). ialt=1a-0.9*inom; tcase=20oc; 1400 vs1 vreg - 5% vreg vreg + 5% v tj-sd thermal shutdown threshold temperature to disable f+, dfm, l (high & low side drivers) 160 175 190 oc tj-sd-dwn thermal shut-down hysteresis l/f+/dfm from off state (due to thermal shutdown) to on state tj-sd- 10 tj-sd-2 oc vuv-1 under voltage diagnosis threshold vb+ to turn on l low side driver 7.7 8.6 9.5 v vuv-up vb+ to turn off l low side driver vuv + 0.40 vuv + 0.50 v u v + 0.60 v vf+_sat field driver saturation voltage tj = 150oc; i = 4.5a 0.6 v tj = 25oc; i = 7a 0.55 v vf freewheeling diode f+ i=5a 2 v if_scth field short circuit driver protection threshold current (see fig. 16 f+ = 0v; tj = -40oc 11 18 a f+ = 0v; tj = -25oc 8.5 18 a f+ = 0v; tj = -150oc 5.5 18 a vs1 field driver on-state detection 4.5 5.5 v f-pre pre-excitation frequency 283 333 383 hz duty-pre pre-excitation field driver on-duty 15.93 18.75 21.57 % t-rise output voltage rise time ifield = 3a resistive (fig. 7) 10 50 s t_fall output voltage fall time ifield = 3a resistive (fig. 7) 10 50 s fsw_f+ field switching frequency ialt=1a~0.9*inom;1400rpm l9911 4/15 duty-pr phase regulation max field on duty fig. 8 26.56 31.25 35.94 % vh_sat high side driver saturation voltage (fig. 10) with driver isource=500ma 1.5 v vl_sat low side driver saturation voltage (fig. 10) with driver isink=500ma 1.5 v vlsb selfbias without supply lamp driver voltage b+ open; l connected to 12v through a 50 ohm resistor 4v ihsc high side driver short circuit current protection b+ = 12.5v; l = gnd 1.2 3 a ilsc low side driver short circuit current (see fig. 16) b+ = l = 12.5v 1 2 a vthl enable regulator supply voltage threshold 0.8 1.15 ipd_l l terminal pull-down current when the generator is not rotating v l = 0.6v 0.4 3.5 ma i_l_sink l sink current when the generator is rotating p frequency 500hz; vb+ = 12v 100 a t-d diagnostic alarm delay time 0.2 0.5 s vcan-dfm test mode to cancel soft start/ attack (voltage) (fig. 11) 30 50 v tcan-dfm test mode delay time (fig. 11) 25 ms vphl1 enable control voltage input high threshold square wave f = 1khz 0.35 v vphl2 enable control voltage input low threshold square wave f = 1khz 0.25 v t_phl1 enable control voltage phase filtering time 50 115 s vphh1 diagnosis phase loss input high threshold 8910v vphh2_1 diagnosis phase loss input low threshold 6.4 7.4 8.4 v tphd diagnostic phase filtering time 50 100 s i_pd-p1 phase pull-down current vp = 0.8v 1 8 ma f-dfm dfm output open drain switching freq. ialt=1a~0.9*inom;1400rpm 5/15 l9911 table 6. load response control parameters table 7. load response control timing options table 8. correspondence of frequency (typical values) to application features considering the overall ww application scenario, there is a direct correspondence between typical con- figurations a/b and regulation curve vreg-1, and between typical configuration c and regulation curves vreg-2 and vreg-3. this is allowing the summary of all possible customizations for l9911 in the table be- low. symbol parameter test condition min. typ. max. unit t_st_1 soft start delay time (fig. 13) 2 steps available, selectable by mask option (see table.7). activated always at engine start 0 s t_st_2 1.73 2 2.35 t_sl_1 soft attack time / soft start time (fig. 13). 2 steps available, selectable by mask option (see table 7). from 0 to 100% field duty cycle 2.13 2.5 2.87 s t_sl_2 7.65 9 10.35 en-res (constant) reset frequency range to enable regulation; frequency judged after 4 periods (fig. 12) 40 50 60 hz en-1 soft start enable (en) and lrc disable (disab) frequency ranges. 4 configurations available, selectable by mask option (possible combinations in table 8). always activated at engine start. frequencies judged after 4 periods (fig. 12) tj = 25oc tj = -40 to150oc 108 102 120 120 132 138 hz hz en-2 tj = 25oc tj = -40 to150oc 131 124 145 145 159 166 hz hz en-3 tj = 25oc tj= -40 to150oc 144 136 160 160 176 184 hz hz en-4 tj = 25oc tj = -40 to150oc 174 165 193 193 212 221 hz hz disab-1 tj = 25oc tj = -40 to150oc 270 255 300 300 330 345 hz hz disab-2 tj = 25oc tj = -40 to150oc 315 298 350 350 385 402 hz hz disab-3 tj = 25oc tj = -40 to150oc 367 347 408 408 449 469 hz hz disab-4 tj = 25oc tj = -40 to150oc 420 397 466 466 512 535 hz hz t_sl = 2.5s t_sl = 9s t_st = 0s lrc-a lrc-d t_st = 2s lrc-c lrc-b alternator revolution speed (rpm) 6 pole pairs 8 pole pairs typical configuration a (config-a) initiate regulation 1200 en-1 en-3 lrc cut 3000 disab-1 disab-3 typical configuration b (config-b) initiate regulation 1450 en-2 en-4 lrc cut 3000 disab-1 disab-3 typical configuration c (config-c) initiate regulation 1450 en-2 en-4 lrc cut 3500 disab-2 en-4
l9911 6/15 table 9. customization of l9911: combination of lrc, regulation, and application options figure 3. vreg-1 figure 4. vreg-2 lrc timing options vreg-1 / config-a vreg-1 / config-b vreg-2 / config-b vreg-2 / config-c vreg-3 / config-c 6 pole pairs 8 pole pairs 6 pole pairs 8 pole pairs 6 pole pairs 8 pole pairs 6 pole pairs 8 pole pairs 6 pole pairs 8 pole pairs lrc-a l9911b nya nya nya nya nya nya nya nya nya lrc-b nya nya L9911A nya l9911c nya nya nya nya nya lrc-c nya nya nya nya nya nya nya nya nya nya lrc-d nya nya nya nya nya nya nya nya nya nya 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 13.9 14 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 14.9 15 15.1 15.2 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 t v min. max. typ. 14.06v~14,91v @ -5c 14.00v~14.80v @ 20c 13.42v~14,48v @ 150c 12.8 12.9 13 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 13.9 14 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 14.9 15 15.1 - 4 0 - 3 5 - 3 0 - 2 5 - 2 0 - 1 5 - 1 0 - 5 0 5 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 4 5 5 0 5 5 6 0 6 5 7 0 7 5 8 0 8 5 9 0 9 5 1 0 0 1 0 5 1 1 0 1 1 5 1 2 0 1 2 5 1 3 0 1 3 5 1 4 0 1 4 5 1 5 0 t v min. max. typ. 14.60v~15.00v @ -5c 14.35v~14.65v @ 23c 12.85v~13.66v @ 150c
7/15 l9911 figure 5. vreg-3 figure 6. output voltage rise/fall time (f+, dfm) 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 13.9 14 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 14.9 15 15.1 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 t v min. max. typ. 14.41v~14.82v @ -5c 14.35v~14.65v @ 23c 13.59v~14.40v @ 150c 90% 10% t- rise t-tm t- fall t-td f+ dfm voltage
l9911 8/15 figure 7. phase regulation characteristics principle of phase regulation: when vb+ is above the regulated voltage, the field driver is controlled to keep phase peak voltage from falling below vphh1. if phase peak voltage drops below vphl1, phase regulation does not work. figure 8. application diagram engine ign. switch w/lamp ifield f+/dfm off on off on off on t_sl t_st field pre- excitation field regulation load on + _ l9911 l b+ f+ p gnd dfm to e.c.u. +vb / vcc ignition switch warning lamp field stator c
9/15 l9911 figure 9. high side/low side driver saturation figure 10. test mode to cancel soft start/attack figure 11. soft-start enable frequency range control circuit regulator assy b + l l9911 dfm vcan filter (tcan) and latch comp cancel en-res { en-1~4 soft-start enable frequency constant (50h z )
l9911 10/15 figure 12. soft start characteristics (always activated at engine start) ign. sw on off time (sec) time (sec) time (sec) time (sec) engine speed (rpm) field current (a) w/lamp (soft attack inhibition alt. speed) (soft start enable alt. speed) 0.5s min 0.5s min soft start delay time soft start delay time soft start delay time soft start timing soft start timing soft start timing on off ign. sw on starter on e/g stop and ign. sw off ign. sw on starter on e/g stop starter on 0.15s~0.5s 0.15s~0.5s engine start engine start engine restart soft attack inhibition alt. speed > e/g speed soft attack inhibition alt. speed < e/g speed
11/15 l9911 figure 13. soft start/attack characteristics table 10. fault detection the diagnostic result is disabled during the soft-start delay time t_st 0...3 and the soft-start / soft attack timing t_sl 0... 3 figure 14. dfmonitor electrical configuration root cause signal effect test detect alternator belt breaking p alternator disexcitation vpvs1 & vb+ > vov-d field short circuit to the ground p alternator disexcitation vp l9911 12/15 figure 15. short circuit drivers' protection field driver, dfmon driver and relay driver are protected in switching mode (not linear), with a retry time less than 25ms. lamp driver is protected in linear mode, with a retry time of 1s. current short circuit (field driver, relay driver, dfmon driver) t< 25ms current short circuit (lamp driver) filtering time retry time
13/15 l9911 4 package information in order to meet environmental requirements, st offers these devices in ecopack ? packages. these packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. the category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with jedec standard jesd97. the maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ecopack is an st trademark. ecopack specifications are available at: www.st.com. figure 16. multiwatt8 mechanical data & package dimensions outline and mechanical data 0043696 f dim. mm inch min. typ. max. min. typ. max. a50.197 b 2.65 0.104 c1.60.063 e 0.49 0.55 0.019 0.022 f 0.78 0.85 0.030 0.033 g 2.40 2.54 2.68 0.094 0.10 0.105 g1 17.64 17.78 17.92 0.69 0.70 0.71 h1 19.6 0.772 h2 20.2 0.795 l 20.35 20.65 0.80 0.81 l2 17.05 17.20 17.35 0.67 0.68 0.68 l3 17.25 17.5 17.75 0.679 0.689 0.699 l4 10.3 10.7 10.9 0.406 0.421 0.429 l7 2.65 2.9 0.104 0.114 s 1.9 2.6 0.075 0.102 s1 1.9 2.6 0.075 0.102 u 0.40 0.55 0.015 0.022 z 0.70 0.85 0.028 0.034 dia1 3.65 3.85 0.144 0.152 multiwatt8 (pin 5 gnd)
l9911 14/15 table 11. revision history date revision description of changes june 2004 1 first issue. may 2005 2 modified figure 2, table 2 and table 5; updated figure 10, 11 and 14; add table 7. add ordering numbers. 07-nov-2005 3 updated table 5. added new tables 6-9. 28-nov-2005 4 added the l9911c part number. updated the table 9.
information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, stmicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the co nsequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of stmicroelectronics. specifications mentioned in this publicati on are subject to change without notice. this publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. stmicroelectronics prod ucts are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of stmicroelectro nics. the st logo is a registered trademark of stmicroelectronics. all other names are the property of their respective owners ? 2005 stmicroelectronics - all rights reserved stmicroelectronics group of companies australia - belgium - brazil - canada - china - czech republic - finland - france - germany - hong kong - india - israel - ital y - japan - malaysia - malta - morocco - singapore - spain - sweden - switzerland - united kingdom - united states of america www.st.com 15/15 l9911

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